Thursday, October 28, 2010

Frye's Cave and the Etruscan divination

Okay, so last night I attended a lecture by an archaeologist on Etruscan divination.
And some of what I heard fits quite well with Frye's talk of the cave.
Now, the cave is more metaphorical than, say, the garden or the mountain. The cave, says Frye, is often a dream state, a descent into the underworld, where the dead mock the hero for being "as weak as we" (Isaiah 14:10). The cave can also be under water. Frye basically equates the land of shades, the cave as any subconscious state where something is lost, cannot be seen, and he mentions the story where the fish is cut open and the king finds his long lost (and I think demon-controlling) ring. This journey is started by a call (as most journeys) but the source is not known until the hero plumbs the depths. He is apparently helped by grateful dead people (like Jerry Garcia) as well as spirit animals who guide the way. This visit to the cave shows something repressed and forgotten, something that will rise to the surface, just as the repressed proletariat eventually always strike out. And Frye takes this political model a bit further, saying that the realm of the cave has no hierarchy, and things here are even reversed, often in social terms as when Ahab becomes friends with the native whom he never would have befriended in real/ normal life. Sound familiar? "and the last shall be made first" or how about "blessed are the poor, for theirs is the kingdom and the glory" -hmn?!!!?
Any how, the cave and the dead often reveal the future. Now, the Etruscans had some parallels here that are worthy of note, because as the woman leading the lecture last night showed, there are parallels across the globe.
First off, things are reversed in the underworld, as in a mirror. ANd guess what the Etruscans used for divination. Dunt dunt duh! A mirror, fools! Also the liver of a sacrificial beast but only because livers are shiny and, yes you got it, reflective. So things in the cave are a backward reflection. But there are other parallels about this practice of telling the future, too. For instance, the knowledge of the future, like all true knowledge, and I agree emphatically with this point, comes from the earth. And the best Etruscan prophet was born out of the dirt! Other prophets walked without shoes that their toes could be closer to the source of all true wisdom.
They also believed that the future telling knowledge sprang from the dead. In one of their divination mirrors showing the practice of divination, the one holding the mirror for the prophet is labeled as a shade, or a soul. Sometimes it is Cupid holding the mirror, and the lecturer pointed out -who is Cupid's wife? Psyche! The spirit, the soul and the dead shade that continues to exist in the underworld where it can offer up prophecy and truth. Note: the lecturer also states that the voice of prophecy is often depicted as a disembodied or severed head (a dead person a voice that comes from no where).

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